How do you write a parameterized where-in raw sql query in Entity Framework

How do you write a parameterized where-in raw sql query in Entity Framework? I’ve tried the following:

string dateQueryString = String.Join(",", chartModelData.GetFormattedDateList());
//Dates returned in format of 20140402,20140506,20140704

const string selectQuery = 
    @"SELECT 
         MAX(DATA_SEQ) AS MaxSeq, MIN(DATA_SEQ) AS MinSeq, COUNT(1) AS TotSampleCnt
      FROM SPCDATA_TB
      WHERE DATA_WDATE IN @DateParam  
      AND LINE_CODE = @LineCode
      AND MODEL_NO = @ModelNumber
      AND LOT_NO = @LotNumber
      AND EQUIP_NO LIKE @EquipNumber";

SPCDataSeqCntInfo dataSeqCntInfo = _dbContext.Database.SqlQuery<SPCDataSeqCntInfo>(
      selectQuery,
      new SqlParameter("@DateParam",   dateQueryString),
      new SqlParameter("@LineCode",    chartModelData.LineCode),
      new SqlParameter("@ModelNumber", chartModelData.ModelNum),
      new SqlParameter("@EquipNumber", equipmentNumber),
      new SqlParameter("@LotNumber",   chartModelData.LotNum)
  ).SingleOrDefault() ?? new SPCDataSeqCntInfo();

But as expected, it throws an error on DateParam because it’s expecting a single value.

Answer

This isn’t a problem specific to entity-framework, you can solve it by generating your own parameter names dynamically.

var parameters = new List<SqlParameter> {
    new SqlParameter("@DateParam", dateQueryString),
    new SqlParameter("@LineCode", chartModelData.LineCode),
    new SqlParameter("@ModelNumber", chartModelData.ModelNum),
    new SqlParameter("@EquipNumber", equipmentNumber),
    new SqlParameter("@LotNumber", chartModelData.LotNum)   
};

var dateParameters = chartModelData
    .GetFormattedDateList()
    .Select((date, index) => new SqlParameter("@date" + index, date));
    .ToList();

parameters.AddRange(dateParameters);
    
var inValues = string.Join(", ", dateParameters.Select(p => p.ParameterName));

var query = @"SELECT MAX(DATA_SEQ) AS MaxSeq, 
   MIN(DATA_SEQ) AS MinSeq, 
   COUNT(1) AS TotSampleCnt
   FROM SPCDATA_TB
   WHERE DATA_WDATE IN (" + inValues + @")  
   AND LINE_CODE = @LineCode
   AND MODEL_NO = @ModelNumber
   AND LOT_NO = @LotNumber
   AND EQUIP_NO LIKE @EquipNumber";

var myResult = _dbContext.Database
    .SqlQuery<SPCDataSeqCntInfo>(query, parameters.ToArray());

The resulting query sent to SQL-Server will look like the following:

SELECT 
   MAX(DATA_SEQ) AS MaxSeq, 
   MIN(DATA_SEQ) AS MinSeq, 
   COUNT(1) AS TotSampleCnt
FROM SPCDATA_TB
WHERE DATA_WDATE IN (@date0, @date1, @date2)  
AND LINE_CODE = @LineCode
AND MODEL_NO = @ModelNumber
AND LOT_NO = @LotNumber
AND EQUIP_NO LIKE @EquipNumber

Generally, you want to avoid doing string manipulation when writing queries, however, I believe this example is safe from sql-injection.