how do i find all the customers who have made orders before 2017. List must incld the customer ID, customer name, and ordered by their ID values in desc
x
CREATE TABLE employees
(
employee_id NUMBER
GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY START WITH 108
PRIMARY KEY,
first_name VARCHAR( 255 ) NOT NULL,
last_name VARCHAR( 255 ) NOT NULL,
email VARCHAR( 255 ) NOT NULL,
phone VARCHAR( 50 ) NOT NULL ,
hire_date DATE NOT NULL ,
manager_id NUMBER( 12, 0 ) , -- fk
job_title VARCHAR( 255 ) NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT fk_employees_manager
FOREIGN KEY( manager_id )
REFERENCES employees( employee_id )
ON DELETE CASCADE
);
-- product category
CREATE TABLE product_categories
(
category_id NUMBER
GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY START WITH 6
PRIMARY KEY,
category_name VARCHAR2( 255 ) NOT NULL
);
-- products table
CREATE TABLE products
(
product_id NUMBER
GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY START WITH 289
PRIMARY KEY,
product_name VARCHAR2( 255 ) NOT NULL,
description VARCHAR2( 2000 ) ,
standard_cost NUMBER( 9, 2 ) ,
list_price NUMBER( 9, 2 ) ,
category_id NUMBER NOT NULL ,
CONSTRAINT fk_products_categories
FOREIGN KEY( category_id )
REFERENCES product_categories( category_id )
ON DELETE CASCADE
CREATE TABLE customers
(
customer_id NUMBER
GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY START WITH 320
PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR2( 255 ) NOT NULL,
address VARCHAR2( 255 ) ,
website VARCHAR2( 255 ) ,
credit_limit NUMBER( 8, 2 )
);
CREATE TABLE orders
(
order_id NUMBER
GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY START WITH 106
PRIMARY KEY,
customer_id NUMBER( 6, 0 ) NOT NULL, -- fk
status VARCHAR( 20 ) NOT NULL ,
salesman_id NUMBER( 6, 0 ) , -- fk
order_date DATE NOT NULL ,
CONSTRAINT fk_orders_customers
FOREIGN KEY( customer_id )
REFERENCES customers( customer_id )
ON DELETE CASCADE,
CONSTRAINT fk_orders_employees
FOREIGN KEY( salesman_id )
REFERENCES employees( employee_id )
ON DELETE SET NULL
);
CREATE TABLE order_items
(
order_id NUMBER( 12, 0 ) , -- fk
item_id NUMBER( 12, 0 ) ,
product_id NUMBER( 12, 0 ) NOT NULL , -- fk
quantity NUMBER( 8, 2 ) NOT NULL ,
unit_price NUMBER( 8, 2 ) NOT NULL ,
CONSTRAINT pk_order_items
PRIMARY KEY( order_id, item_id ),
CONSTRAINT fk_order_items_products
FOREIGN KEY( product_id )
REFERENCES products( product_id )
ON DELETE CASCADE,
CONSTRAINT fk_order_items_orders
FOREIGN KEY( order_id )
REFERENCES orders( order_id )
ON DELETE CASCADE
);
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Answer
You can use exists
and a correlated subquery to filter customers who ordered before 2017. We can get that information by looking at the orders
table only:
select c.customer_id, c.name
from customers c
where exists (
select 1
from orders o
where o.customer_id = c.customer_id and o.order_date < date '2017-01-01'
)
order by c.customer_id desc